GRE - T-29
What I gona do is to show waht I am doing before the day of GRE test. And now... go !!!
There is no organization of my article here below, which is just the notes from simulated exams. I will start with the " Quantitative" part.
算術平均數= X爸 = 總合/ 個數
點 |
1 |
2 | 3 |
次數 | 10 | 27 |
36 |
( 1*10 + 2* 27 + 3* 36 ) / ( 10 + 27 + 36 )
原理:距離平方和 !! 最小二乘方平均數法則
f (X) = (X-a)^2 + (X-b)^2 + (X-c)^2
= 3 X^2 - 2 (a+b+c) X + (a^2 + b^2 + c^2 )
就是利用配方法找到拋物線的頂點,此拋物線開口向上,所以會有最小值
得=3 (X-(a+b+c/3))+3{ (a^2 + b^2 + c^2)/3 - (a+b+c/3)^2 }
所以X = (a+b+c/3), f(X) = min
Y爸 = aX爸 + b ,a管伸縮,b平移
受到極限值影響,所以通常會截頭尾資料。
W=加權=85*6+ 55*6 + 70*6 + 65* 3..... / 6+6+6+3.....
中位數!!要排列
1,4,7,12,16,19,37 Me= 12
1,4,7,12,16,19 Me = 7+12 /2 = 9.5
分組 | fi | fci以下 |
30~40 | 3 | 3 |
40~50 | 6 | 9 |
50~60 | 10 | 19 |
60~70 | 16 | 35 → me |
70~80 | 8 | 43 |
80~90 | 5 | 48 |
90~100 | 2 | 50 |
總共 | 50人 |
分組資料本就有誤差,所以在不失一般性下(誤差最小)
ㄅ:資料為組中點 (X爸)
ㄆ:平均分佈Me,所以要用內差法求中位數
所以此題中位數位於60~70間,所以此間格的第一個人數是總共的第19個,最後一個人為總共的第35個
Me(第25個)=(6*70+ 10*60) / (6+10) = 63.75
眾數可能不只一個,也可能都沒有,像是一串數,全都是1,或者全體自然數排一列。
求平均成長率,請用幾何平均來解!!!
例如:-10%, 20%, 60%
1+r%= 根號三次方(1-10%)(1+20%)(1+60%)
(1+r%)^3 = 0.9*1.2*1.6
r=20
離散
A 0 , 100 , A爸=50,RA= 100
B 50,50,B爸=50,RB= 0
差數越大,離散越大
標準差:
從前從前,一個數學家想要知道倒底這數列當中,每個直到平均值的離散程度,所以他決定把每一個直減掉平均值之後在將他們全部加起來,結果發現剛好等於零這樣完全沒屁用,看不出差異,所以沒多久一個數學家說,不然這樣吧,因為單一數值減掉平均數會有正有負,這也倒置最後總和等於零。因此他決定先將每一個直減掉平均值之後平方,然後再做加總,最後除以數字個數,看來這樣合理一些了,沒多久一個人認為這數字太大,不如我們在多開一個根號,於是就變成下方維基百科截圖的攻式了。
y= ax+b | a(伸縮) | b(平移) |
均數(X爸, Me, Mo) | 會影響 | 會影響 |
差數(標準差, R, IQR) | 會影響 | 不會 |
例如:
X: 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15
Y: -1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -6
新平均數(Y爸),Y標準差
由X可知到為等差公差為3
所以X的方程式為X+3,然後整個X數列除以(-3)剛好等於Y
所以Y=(-1/3)x -1 a為伸縮量,b為平移量
所以新平均數(-1/3)X -1
新標準差| (-1/3) | = 伸縮 1/3
求回歸線:
y=ax+b
斜率a=(標準差y / 標準差x) * rxy
rxy相關係數=(X- X算術平均) * (Y-Y算術平均) / 根號的(X- X算術平均)^2 * 根號的(y- y算術平均)^2
迴歸線的點就是(X平均數, Y平均數)
等比數列:
一個酒鬼,向左一步撞左牆,向右二步撞又牆,若此酒鬼醉到左右不分,向左或向右的機率相等,問撞倒左邊的機率為何?
A: 因為這民醉漢一往左靠就中招了,所以第一個機率是,1/2
B: 他可以先往右晃,然後再往左晃,回到原點,最後再多走一個左,撞上目標牆,所以是總共動了三次,不管如何每動一次就是1/2,因此這次是 (1/2)^3
以此類推再次他就動了七次
A:為←,結束
B:為→,←,←結束
C:為→,←,→,←,←結束
所以每一次都會發現多走兩步之後再撞到,因此公比就出來了,首相也出來了
無瓊等比帶入即可,
P=1/2 + (1/2)^3+ (1/2)^7......
=(1/2) / { 1- (1/2)^2 } = 2/3
撞牆機率和距離成反比,所以用內差法答案也可以出來
兩顆骰子和 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
情況 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
三顆骰子和 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 |
情況 | 1 | 3 | 6 | 10 | 15 | 21 | 25 | 27 | 27 | 25 | 21 | 15 | 10 | 6 | 3 | 1 |
有三紅,三綠,三藍,九顆球,以下是報酬
紅紅 | 紅藍 | 紅綠 | 藍綠 | 藍藍 | 綠綠 | |
報酬 | 10000 | 8000 | 6000 | 4000 | 6000 | 2000 |
機率 | (C 3,2) | (C3,1)* (C3,1) | (C3,1)* (C3,1) | (C3,1)* (C3,1) | (C 3,2) | (C 3,2) |
隨機九球取兩球為C九取二,當分母,以上機率相加當分子在個別乘上報酬即為答案
此答案等價於E(取兩球)=E(取一球)X2= 6000
資料參考:李祥數學
verbal
Your "borders" are merely a construct. I prefer to think of myself as a citizen of the world.
savor = relish = gusto = zest
scapegoat 代罪羔羊
scavenge 清除, scavenger 腐食動物
scission = fission = cleavage
scoop = ladle = dipper 勺子
scour = furbish
scraggy = scrawny = skinny
slender = lean = svelte
scramble = climb, scrambled egg
scrap = fragment = shivers
scrape = graze = rub
screech = scream = shriek = shrill
scruple = misgiving 顧忌
be obliged to 迫使
obliged = indebted
oblique = leaning = slanting = skew = lopsided
obliterate = efface = blot out (去除痕跡了,忘了)
obloquy = opprobrium = disgrace
obscene = lascivious = lewd = libidinous = lustful = voluptuous
obscure = equivocal = dim = hazy
ritual = observance = solemnity
obstinate = dogged = intractable = obdurate = pertinacious = recalcitrant = refractory = adamant = staunch = steadfast = intransigent
occlude = clog = obstruct = block
occult = cryptic = arcane
odious = hideous = obnoxious = replusive = repugnant = repellent = unpleasant = averse
offset = counterpoise = countervail = indemnify = reimburse = recompemse = recoup = redeem = atone
ointment = balm 軟膏
floe = iceberg floating on the ocean
florid = ornate = ruddy = flamboyant
flounder = struggle = strive
flurry 雪花,冰炫風 =fluster = flutter
foam = bubble = froth = spume
foe = enemy = opponent
foil 箔 = block
fondle = cuddle = caress
footloose = freedom
forage = scrabble = scour = rummage
forbear = abstain = refrain
formidable = stiff = tough
formidable = fearful = awful = dreadful = dire = ghastly = gruesome
以上筆記彙整,再請多指教
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