熱血背包客莊ㄟ

....paragraph 4:

Inequalities of wealth and rank certainly exist, and have probably existed in most pastoralist societies, but except in periods of military conquest, they are normally too slight to generate the stable, hereditary hierarchies that are usually implied by the use of the term class. Inequalities of gender have also existed in pastoralist societies, but they seem to have been softened by the absence of steep hierarchies of wealth in most communities, and also by the requirement that women acquire most of the skills of men, including, often, their military skills.

......

解題：

這題到底要怎麼解，問題出在but except in這三個字，很多人被他呼嚨了，

Inequalities of wealth and rank certainly exist, and have probably existed in most pastoralist societies, but except in periods of military conquest, they are normally too slight to generate the stable, hereditary hierarchies that are usually implied by the use of the term class.

這要怎麼看，首先but當做分水嶺，前面的應該看得懂拉，我就不多贅述了，從這裡選項（Ａ）就對到了，所以他不選。
 

但這裡筆記之後會得到前面的句子是Inequalities of wealth and rank exist，不平等必定存在，所以是對不平等這件事表示『證實』有這件事，好的，那今天一個句子好好的為什麼要有個小『but』，因為他前後兩個完整子句邏輯關係是相『反』的，那我們先把except in periods of military conquest跳過，往後到後段主要子句，

they are normally too slight to generate the stable, hereditary hierarchies that are usually implied by the use of the term class.

這句話整體的邏輯要滿足『反對』不平等必定存在，這樣那個but才會有意義，好的既然邏輯已經限定他是平等的才對，我們來看看，they是Inequalities的意思所以主詞找到，大概理解一下：不平等通常是太微妙了『以至於不會』有穩定具世襲階級制度，後面因為是關係代名詞that are usually implied by the use of the term class.沒必要去解讀，這當修飾詞而已。所以這裡（Ｄ）就完全對應到了，It（＝social inequality ） is usually too insignificant to be discussed in terms of class differences.，所以這裡轉折的用意是，有不平等現象，但是我看不出來

再來，這個except這裡和in加起來看成介系詞，所以可以知道except in periods of military conquest是一個不完整的片語，由於except的關係，所以必須跟主要子句取反，那他的主要子句就是剛剛討論過的they are normally too slight to generate the stable, hereditary hierarchies，由於主要子句已經被限定成『平等』的邏輯，因此我們這組介系詞就必須是不平等，因此這個介系詞片語會變成不平等狀態是在軍事緊張時期『有發生』（Ｂ）答案也不可選。

最後（Ｃ）選項到底怎麼錯的，這必些往下看，不是剛剛too slight to generate the stable...繼續對應，因為這句話是講不平等情況跟階級制度的關係，但是選項（Ｃ）注重在階級制度跟世襲的關係，所以對應點應該是下一個句子

Inequalities of gender have also existed in pastoralist societies, but they seem to have been softened by the absence of steep hierarchies of wealth in most communities, and also by the requirement that women acquire most of the skills of men, including, often, their military skills.

紅字對應過去rigid hierarchy based largely on heredity.哈哈完全不對了，所以選（Ｃ）

以上自己整理出來的內容希望能幫上忙，喜歡，或是不喜歡還是有錯誤，歡迎留言指教，謝謝!!