熱血背包客莊ㄟ

The chief problem was technological: How were the Europeans to reach the East? Europe's maritime tradition had developed in the context of easily navigable seas-the Mediterranean, the Baltic, and, to a lesser extent, the North Sea between England and the Continent-not of vast oceans. New types of ships were needed, new methods of finding one's way, new techniques for financing so vast a scheme. The sheer scale of the investment it took to begin commercial expansion at sea reflects the immensity of the profits that such East-West trade could create. Spices were the most sought-after commodities. Spices not only dramatically improved the taste of the European diet but also were used to manufacture perfumes and certain medicines. But even high-priced commodities like spices had to be transported in large bulk in order to justify the expense and trouble of sailing around the African continent all the way to India and China.

解題：

有些推理題考得他媽的莫名其妙，匪夷所思，最好的方法就是放棄，除非你想要考滿分咱們再來研究，因為大部分這種匪夷所思的出的並不多，好拉，開始囉！！！之前介紹的入門解題方式可以出門左轉去參考參考，庵今天要來說進階的。

首先必須要知道題目再問啥，這不是廢話嘛，對～沒錯，可是真的有人知道inferred的真正意思嘛，查一下英英辭典吧，他叫做：由前提或是事實推導出來的『結論』，哈哈如果有考過ＧＲＥ的可能就知道我在說啥了，沒錯就是在考批判性推理，那好題目後面給的東西是spices from Asia were desirable in Europe in the Middle Ages 這東西就是結論了啊，再來題目後面還有東西喔，問你因為怎麼樣，整個題目問句就是：第二段的『亞洲來的香料在歐洲的中世紀人人搶著要』是因為如何如何，她叫你找原因，但是這個原因是要來滿足『亞洲來的香料在歐洲的中世紀人人搶著要』的結論的喔，所以再講白一點就是：以上第二段我們可以得到一個結果是『亞洲來的香料在歐洲的中世紀人人搶著要』可是不幸的作者漏掉了一句前提，請由以下選項找出來合適的前提使得結論完整。所以根據結論香料很厲害，所以把香料有關的句子都找齊。

Spices were the most sought-after commodities.

Spices not only dramatically improved the taste of the European diet but also were used to manufacture perfumes and certain medicines.

But even high-priced commodities like spices had to be transported in large bulk in order to justify the expense and trouble of sailing around the African continent all the way to India and China.

以上三句話，第一句話就是題目的改寫了，所以可以很輕易的判斷他就是結論，那如此一來其餘的都是前提了。

premise1 : Spices not only dramatically improved the taste of the European diet but also were used to manufacture perfumes and certain medicines.

premise2 : But even high-priced commodities like spices had to be transported in large bulk in order to justify the expense and trouble of sailing around the African continent all the way to India and China.

conclusion: Spices were the most sought-after commodities.

接下來關鍵字抓完之後，你還差一個連貫性的考量，所謂連貫性就是一個箭頭從前提指向結論是不會感覺有離題，講一些不相干的事。

白話一點：香料→提味，製香水→要進口的必需品→香料人人搶。

好你看從這個箭頭當中你覺得塞下選項哪一個是合理的，是不是就（Ｂ）

（Ａ）easily，運送很簡單，這樣應該不會人人搶吧

（Ｃ）這個連看都不要看，因為香水這裡扮演的是情前提的角色，他是說香料可以用來做香水，選項是交易得到香水，兩個動作不一樣就別看了，而且這樣也違反了論文的原則就是前提的描述必須是對的，這樣結論才具保真性，所以你把這個選項塞到隨便一個箭頭上面，不就兩個前提打架了。

（Ｄ）要來抄高價錢，value是連提都沒提過，你這不就故意打槍結論commodities了，他是拿來用的不是拿來搞期貨的，找一個前提去打槍結論，好一個窩裡反，100% irrelevant twaddle.

選（Ｂ）

以上自己整理出來的內容希望能幫上忙，喜歡，或是不喜歡還是有錯誤，歡迎留言指教，謝謝!!