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GRE,GMAT,SAT經典長難句(10/50)

Historians attempting to explain how scientific work was done in laboratory of the seventeen-century chemist and natural philosopher Robert Boyle must address a fundamental discrepancy between how such experimentation was actually performed and the seventeen-century rhetoric describing it 

資料來源：GRE考古題

文法解析：

第一：Historians attempting to explain how scientific work was done in laboratory of the seventeen-century chemist and natural philosopher Robert Boyle。紅標這個是關係代名詞的限定用法，並且改成分詞結構形式，原本應該是who attempt….那因為想要省略who所以動詞便成分詞，而explain之後本來是一個that名詞子句，但是這裡直接以how開頭，可以想成前面省略了the way，還原想成the way that (=how) scientific work was done in....這樣不就是概念性名詞＋名詞子句（完整子句）的結構嗎，當中the way去做explain的受詞，後面再補充說明在這方法上科學工作做了什麼。

ＰＳ：這當中how的定義廣受爭議，所以以理解文章即可，有人認為the way how是不可以同時存在的，因為很多文法書認為how不是關係副詞，所以我這邊就用名詞子句去想

總結：這個主語其實就只有Historians，然後後面限定說是哪一類的歷史學家，限定企圖去解釋『如何』的歷史學家，然後這個『如何』是如何在十七世紀化學家兼自然哲學家RB的實驗室裡完成科學工作的，因此這麼一大段狗屁只有Historians有意義，其他請自動刪除以免引響大腦內存。

第二：discrepancy between how such experimentation was actually performed and the seventeen-century rhetoric describing it 這裡discrepancy between A and B，兩這間的差異

ㄅ：Ａ是how such experimentation was actually performed ，這裡how是跟重點一一樣，大致翻譯是『如何』，而這個如何是有關於這樣實驗實際上被表現的如何。再來such experimentation中such出現要找是誰的代名詞，所以找到 scientific work。

ㄆ：B是the seventeen-century rhetoric describing it 當中rhetoric是名詞叫做修辭學，簡單翻譯就是文章描述的方式，最後在補一個關係代名詞限定用法的省略describing it (=which described it)去補充限定描述『這個』，又來一個代名詞it，此為such experimentation亦等於scientific work

翻譯：

Historians attempting to explain how scientific work was done in laboratory of the seventeen-century chemist and natural philosopher Robert Boyle must address a fundamental discrepancy between how such experimentation was actually performed and the seventeen-century rhetoric describing it 

企圖要去解釋科學工作在十七世紀化學家兼物理學家RB的實驗室裡頭是如何運作的這些歷史學者必須要面對一個如何實際操作和這個十七世紀實驗的描述方式之間的落差

邏輯：

Historians attempting to explain how scientific work was done in laboratory of the seventeen-century chemist and natural philosopher Robert Boyle must address a fundamental discrepancy between how such experimentation was actually performed and the seventeen-century rhetoric describing it 

歷史學家要知道真實實驗和歷史描述有落差

單字：

adress (v)處置，應付= tackle / cope with / deal with / dispose of / handle / wrestle with 

rhetoric (n) 修辭，rhetorical (adj) 修辭的，華麗的

natural philosopher (n) 物理學家＝physicist  

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