熱血背包客莊ㄟ

GRE,GMAT,SAT經典長難句(11/50)

Although Gutman admits that forced separation by sale was frequent, he shows that the slaves’ preference, revealed most clearly on plantations where sale was infrequent, was very much for stable monogamy. 

資料來源: GRE考古題

文法解析：

第一：

Although是句內轉折詞，這個字用於兩個用逗點隔開的子句（完整子句），之間並表達兩子句的立場是相反的轉折連接詞，我們把插入句先幹掉就可以看到她們間的對比關係了Although Gutman admits that forced separation by sale was frequent, he shows that the slaves’ preference was very much for stable monogamy.，所以邏輯上frequent VS. stable 。關於Although只是一個句內轉折的連接詞，地位大概就是even though，這裡的連接詞，和despite of 這種介系詞。

PS: GRE常考的『句間』轉折詞有but, however, yet, nevertheless這四個字出現可以當作是前後的兩個句子邏輯相反了

第二：the slaves’ preference, revealed most clearly on plantations where sale was infrequent，這是關係代名詞省略，並且用同位語補充的方式呈現也可說她是非限定用法，並用逗點隔開，還原：slaves’ preference, which was revealed most clearly on plantations where sale was infrequent，補充說明是哪種喜好，這種喜好是被顯示在很多農場上。後面where sale was infrequent這句是關係副詞，修飾先行詞plantations，翻譯成：而這個農場上奴役販賣的行為不常見。其中關係副詞是完整句，因為這裡where=on which，而which是代替plantations，因此on plantations變成了介系詞＋名詞的結構當修飾詞用了，所以他並沒用當作整個關係代名詞的主詞或是受詞，故必須用完整句呈現

翻譯：

Although Gutman admits that forced separation by sale was frequent, he shows that the slaves’ preference, revealed most clearly on plantations where sale was infrequent, was very much for stable monogamy. 

雖然蓋茲曼認為用奴役販賣逼迫奴役家庭的分離是很平繁的，但是他提出證據說這些被大部分顯示在交易不平凡的農場上，非常明確的體現出穩定生活的一夫一妻小家庭是奴隸所喜愛的。

單字：

monogamy(n) 一夫一妻制

polygamy (n) 多配偶制= plural marriage，polygamious (adj.) 多配偶的

polygyny (n) 一夫多妻（老婆多）

polyandry (n) 一妻多夫（老公多）

以上個人筆記希望有幫助到大家，有誤再請指教!!