Columnist:
Until very recently, Presorbin and Veltrex, two medications used to block excess stomach acid, were both available only with a prescription written by a doctor. In an advertisement for Presorbin, its makers argue that Presorbin is superior on the grounds that doctors have written 200 million prescriptions for Presorbin, as compared to 100 million for Veltrex. It can be argued that the number of prescriptions written is never a worthwhile criterion for comparing the merits of medicines, but that the advertisement’s argument is absurd is quite adequately revealed by observing that Presorbin was available as a prescription medicine years before Veltrex was.
In the columnist’s argument, the two highlighted portions play which of the following roles?
A. The first is a claim that the columnist’s argument seeks to clarify; the second states a conclusion drawn about one possible interpretation of that claim.
B. The first identifies the conclusion of an argument that the columnist’s argument is directed against; the second states the main conclusion of the columnist’s argument.
C. The first states the main conclusion of the columnist’s argument; the second states a conclusion that the columnist draws in defending that conclusion against an objection.
D. The first identifies an assumption made in an argument that the columnist's argument is directed against; the second states the main conclusion of the columnist’s argument.
E. The first is a claim that has been offered as evidence to support a position that the columnist opposes; the second states the main conclusion of the columnist’s argument.
這題只是考定義問題，所以以下介紹critical thinking當中幾個常用的名詞定義
論辯（argument）: 就是前提＋結論
前提（premises）：用來支持結論的句子或者描述並且用了做為理由，而且在一個論辯當中可以有1~無限大的前提
結論（conclusion）: 作者在寫論辯中所描述的事件他認為是對的那件事情
證據（evidence）: 提供一個事件，而這個事件是用來支持作者觀點的舉例或是現象，而且往往證據都有不可爭論性，因為他常常是一個事實，的確發生過，但我覺得可以把它當成前提分類
論點（attitude）: 作者覺得或是某人覺得對的事情，我覺得這也是可以把它當成結論去想
假設（assumption）: 在預設立場，加上一個條件好讓他完成論辯，當然你也可以等價前提，只是這個前提『不具真實性』，看中文就有個假字了自然不真
大蓋介紹一下定義看兩句話：要記得看完整句話
its makers argue that Presorbin is superior on the grounds that doctors have written 200 million prescriptions for Presorbin, as compared to 100 million for Veltrex.
這句話前方有個argue某人認為的字樣，所以他不是作者認為是真的事情，就是一個觀點描述，那我這邊就直接等價成結論了
It can be argued that the number of prescriptions written is never a worthwhile criterion for comparing the merits of medicines, but that the advertisement’s argument is absurd is quite adequately revealed by observing that Presorbin was available as a prescription medicine years before Veltrex was.
but表轉折，所以他的句子跟逗點前的邏輯『取反』，然後同要開頭有個It can be argued，所以也是個論點（結論），而這結論是作者Columnist認為的，所以就是主要結論。這裡還有個『it』代名詞，這個很重要，他代替前面的那件事情，而這裡的那件事剛好就是一個結論，所以考慮到but的存在，那麼這個makers認為的結論會因為『but』跟作者認為的結論有所抵觸，最後整理一下，我有一個別人講的結論，然後一個轉折詞，還有一個主結論，I got a conclusion, I got a but, and I got a conclusion 『wow!! buclusion』 嗶～～～所以就選（Ｂ）
以上個人筆記希望有幫助到大家，有誤再請指教!!
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