close

GRE,GMAT,SAT經典長難句(42/50)

If one begin by examining why ancients refer to Amazons, it becomes clear that ancient Greek description of such societies were meant not so much to represent observed historical fact— real Amazonian societies — but rather to offer “ moral lessons ” on the supposed outcome of women’s rule in their own society. 

 

資料來源:GRE考古題

 


解析:

第一:

If one begin by examining why ancients refer to Amazons,當中有代名詞one,所以往前看沒有句子可以參考,所以往後看去讓語意比較順的情況下,這個one應該會是people/ researcher之類的,因為後方有一個 by examining,這裡examining用動名詞即表示主動之意,所以用人去檢查會比較合乎文法,因此我們就不把one當作事務看了,翻譯起來:如果研究人員開始進行研究藉由檢視...的方式,如果代名詞當『一個人』的話我覺得滿合理的,然後by算是個『隱性因果』

 

第二:

it becomes clear that….,這裡又是一個it...that的強調句型,也可以說是主詞倒裝句型it是魁儡,真正主詞是ancient Greek description of such societies…..一直到句尾,其實如果假設要clear放句尾也是可以的,就變成that ancient Greek description of such societies were meant not so much to represent observed historical fact— real Amazonian societies — but rather to offer “ moral lessons ” on the supposed outcome of women’s rule in their own society becomes clear.就顛倒回來即可。

 

第三:

接下來就是that這個子句裡面到底講什麼內容了,that在這裡並不是關代,所以他後面絕對不是形容詞的不完整子句,這裡的that後面所引導的的事名詞子句,是個完整的子句,當作主詞用,整個名詞子句裡面包含完整的主詞,動詞及受詞,描述的是一件事情,一個狀態,所以可以用that打包起來當作是一整個名詞,那就可以說that是包裝紙裡面包裝的一樣東西(名詞子句),然而這個名詞子句有主詞有動詞還有拉哩拉匝的受詞跟修飾語,所以用that當作連接詞打包,防止他們零散掉,在文法上,連接詞可以視為另外一個完整子句的起點。而他的地位在整個句子中的翻譯為:that=阿就是那件事啊。那件事表示名詞子句的東西。

 

第四:

確認是名詞子句後,開始拆分裡面的內容物,當中有個雙破折號,— real Amazonian societies — 這個插入句當同位語用意義是說明fact所以基本上視而不見,因此刪掉

 

第五:

ancient Greek description of such societies were meant not so much to represent observed historical fact but rather to offer “ moral lessons ” on the supposed outcome of women’s rule in their own society. 裡面出現了not A but B的句型,平行結構重點是在後方,前方又可以視而不見了,所以主詞真正要說的事情是B,B才是整個主詞內容,A就被打槍了,but rather,當中的rather只是強調字,這個也沒必要理會,除非他是rather than的結構,那這樣其實老鳥也習慣她的意思就是前後邏輯相反,所以我不多提了。用observed VS. supposed產生強烈對比

 

邏輯:

由上面延伸下來,可以知道真正的邏輯有因果(by),有條件句(if),最後but rather,其他就算了不要看,整理一下再加上把介系詞結構的修飾語刪除,變成If one begin by examining why ancients refer to Amazons, it becomes clear that ancient Greek description were meant “ moral lessons ”.邏輯掌握就是:為什麼古代人就是指亞馬遜的問題如果開始檢視的話,那麼希臘人說這是道德的提點的這個觀點就會很清楚了,強調的是一個猜測,不是事實。

 

翻譯:

If one begin by examining why ancients refer to Amazons, it becomes clear that ancient Greek description of such societies were meant not so much to represent observed historical fact— real Amazonian societies — but rather to offer “ moral lessons ” on the supposed outcome of women’s rule in their own society. 

如果一項研究開始由檢視為什麼古代人提到亞馬遜人的這個分析來著手進行的話,那麼就會了解古希臘人對於這樣的社會所做的描述並不是意味的去體現有關於真實亞馬遜社會方面已觀察到的歷史事實,而是相反的要去提供一些基於在他們自己社會被女性統治之下產生的可能結果所帶來的道德教訓。

 

單字:

Refer to (v.) 提到=mention

Mean (v.) 表示=represent / perform (也可以粗略等於refer to)

Suppose (v.) 預期=think / expect / deem / presume / pretend

Is/are  supposed to 應該,預計,大家都覺得,這是Be動詞用現在式

Were supposed to 大家都期待這樣,可是並非如此,這是Be動詞用過去式,這個有假設法含義

 

 

 

以上個人筆記希望有幫助到大家,有誤再請指教!!


arrow
arrow

    老莊雜記 發表在 痞客邦 留言(0) 人氣()