【GRE英文筆記】Recent scholarship has questioned the naturalness of tropical forests around the world @ 熱血背包客莊ㄟ

Recent scholarship has questioned the naturalness of tropical forests around the world. Archaeologists have shown, for example, that the largest contiguous tract of what was thought to be virgin rain forest in the southern Amazon had been transformed into a cultural parkland before European contact, and many of the forest islands in West Africa's savanna forest transition zone are anthropogenic as well.

近期的學術成就已經對全世界熱帶雨林的自然本質提出質疑。例如：考古學家已經揭露出這個一大片被視為南亞馬遜未開發的雨林，原來在歐洲踏上此地之前已經變成文化村了，而且在西非大草原森林過渡區裡很多的雨林島嶼也是人工的

來源：GRE考古題

原題：

Recent scholarship has questioned the (i) of tropical forests around the world. Archaeologists have shown, for example, that the largest contiguous tract of what was thought to be virgin rain forest in the southern Amazon had been transformed into a cultural parkland before European contact, and many of the forest islands in West Africa's savanna forest transition zone are (ii) as well.

Blank(i)	Blank(ii)
(A)diversity	(D)isolated
(B)naturalness	(E)endangered
(C)sustainability	(F)anthropogenic

解題方式：

for example看到這個字要感恩西父讚嘆西負，因為我們會知道這樣邏輯關西詞前後兩句會是同向的關係，European contact, and many.... 這個表示並列那當然就是同向了，況且尾巴還有as well撐腰，因此整個段子句子和句子之間全部邏輯同向

然後Recent scholarship has questioned.....of tropical forests around the world，表疑問通常被歸類為反對的負面情緒，那這一小句的探討關鍵字是virgin tropical forests，所以之後的邏輯關係全部都是反TF，所以對應到cultural parkland，和TF相反，兩個答案就出來了，空格一和雨林相關的字又要和cultural parkland相反就剩(B)naturalness，選完之後(F)anthropogenic自然也跟著出來了

單字：

contiguous (adj)連續的

savanna (n)大草原

tract +of (n)大片

anthropogenic(adj)人為的

endangered(adj)臨危的

isolated(adj)孤立的

sustainability(n)可持續性

naturalness (n)自然

diversity(n)多樣性

文法分析：

Archaeologists have shown, for example, that the largest contiguous tract of what was thought to be virgin rain forest in the southern Amazon had been transformed into a cultural parkland before European contact
for example就是插入語，他可以用兩個逗點隔開的方式塞進動詞前面，或動詞後面皆可，只要不在影響語意的情況之下任你插
largest contiguous tract adv+adj+N結構，翻譯：一望無盡的大地，這類是學術常用的寫法，把所有的語境表達濃縮到極致，他如果不這麼寫的話一般口語可能會表達成 the tract that is contiguous in the largest proportion，這個大地是以最大比例連綿延伸的，這樣感覺就滿累贅的
what was thought to be virgin rain forest in the southern Amazon，首先要分析一下前方of 因為of 的前後都是加名詞，那他出現一個句子表示這個WHAT不單純，如果把what=something that 導入之後就可以知道was thought to be virgin rain forest in the southern Amazon這是不完整的形容詞子句，修飾前方what某個東西，翻譯：被視為未開發的南亞馬遜雨林的...
黃框部分就是名詞子句，他是個完整子句，這常常跟形容詞子句搞混，完整句名詞子句是用來做解釋用的，但是不完整句形容詞子句是用來修飾的，既然是修飾就會東缺西補，少個名詞，所以就不完整囉