熱血背包客莊ㄟ

The presence of work themes in the painting of the impressionist movement of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries has until recently been largely discounted, despite the body of impressionist that continued the tradition, initiated by Courbet and Millet and developed through the 1880s by Breton, Bastien-Lepage, Pissaro, and Berthe Morisot, of representing rural labor, and notwithstanding the significant body of impressionist work — including that of Degas, Caillebotte, and Morisot — representing unban or suburban labor. The notion of impressionism as concerned primarily with the representation of leisure has less to do, however, with the subject matter of the paintings than with the acceptance of the view, widely held in nineteenth-century France, that considered peasants performing physically demanding rural labor as the epitome of work. The numerous impressionist representations of activities (often those of women) that we might classify as work — a woman serving beer in a cafe, many paintings by Degas of the ballet (a physically demanding activity by any standard ) —were instead classified as representations of leisure by those who held the view.

1.The primary purpose of the passage is to 

 A.propose a new theory about the techniques used to present a work themes in impressionist painting

 B.expand the meaning of the term “work” as it applies to painting

 C.note that work themes were often overlooked in impressionist painting and suggest a reason why 

 D.provide insight into why certain activities were not considered work in the late nineteenth century 

 E.provide specific examples of rural work themes in impressionist painting and explain the significance of such themes

2. The “tradition ” refers to the 

 A.view that work themes are of little importance in impressionist painting 

 B.representation of leisure 

 C.representation of urban and suburban labor 

 D.representation of rural labor 

 E.works of Degas, Caillebotte, and Morisot

3.With which of the following statements about impressionist painting would the author of the passage be most likely to agree?

 A. The view that impressionist painting is concerned primarily with themes of leisure is based in part on a limited definition of what constitutes work.

 B. Many impressionist paintings once regarded as representing work themes are now viewed as being concerned primarily with the representation of leisure.

 C. Most of the impressionist paintings that treat work themes depict activities representing urban and suburban labor.

 D. Although themes of work appear frequently in impressionist painting, these themes are limited to the traditional representations of work as rural physical labor.

 E. Notwithstanding the labor body of impressionist painting in which work of themes are present, the notion that impressionist paintings are primarily leisure activities is essentially correct

文章結構：

光是第一句就嚇死你，所以趕快找邏輯詞來判斷是否該讀或不該讀，

The presence of work themes in the painting of the impressionist movement of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries has until recently been largely discounted, despite the body of impressionist that continued the tradition, initiated by Courbet and Millet and developed through the 1880s by Breton, Bastien-Lepage, Pissaro, and Berthe Morisot, of representing rural labor, and notwithstanding the significant body of impressionist work — including that of Degas, Caillebotte, and Morisot — representing unban or suburban labor.

看到despite，表示句內轉折，所以是在跟主幹講邏輯相反的事情，所以主要抓主幹即可，灰色部分只要當題目問再來看，然後抓主幹presence，work themes in the painting ，discounted，好跳下一句。

The notion of impressionism as concerned primarily with the representation of leisure has less to do, however, with the subject matter of the paintings than with the acceptance of the view, widely held in nineteenth-century France, that considered peasants performing physically demanding rural labor as the epitome of work.

這當中看到轉折詞，表示又跟上方邏輯有所出入，the representation of leisure has less to do，由此可以知道這裡轉折是轉折角色，however上一句是work，而這裡是leisure。其他都別讀了

最後一句話看到The numerous impressionist representations看到這裡就可以先不看了，講到大部分怎樣怎樣，這已經在做舉例說明了，或是用大眾去抓規律的一個總結方式，所以不理會因為他沒有在為文章做額外分層

第一題：

文主旨，那由文章結構上，就兩個而一，一個講work如何，一個講leisure如何，（Ａ）錯的原因是主幹為work themes你不能把它放在關係代名詞的位置去修飾techniques。（Ｂ）結構都說discounted被低估了，不可能在說要expend。（Ｄ）和（Ｅ）都有邏輯竄層的嫌疑，primary purpose這裡是找『主要』，所以不應該拿rural或是certain activities來討論，答案選（Ｃ）

不相信的話可以透過文法來檢視，

The notion of impressionism as concerned primarily with the representation of leisure has less to do, however, with the subject matter of the paintings than with the acceptance of the view, widely held in nineteenth-century France, that considered peasants performing physically demanding rural labor as the epitome of work

as子句這是因果句，被當作埋葬句了，原本應該是However, as（the notion of impressionism was）concerned primarily with the represntation of leisure, the notion of impressionism has less to do with the subject matter of the painting。看到這裡真的就夠了than後面的東西是less to do比較級的比較對象，忽略當作不存在。

第二題：

原文中的 tradition前方有"the"，表示代名詞前面有提過了。 但是前方太多名詞難找，可是後面出現關係代名詞，, initiated by Courbet and Millet and developed through the 1880s by Breton, Bastien-Lepage, Pissaro, and Berthe Morisot, of representing rural labor，（看到這裡就要停了，因為and notwithstanding這個是轉折，所以邏輯又會轉向），好的這裡從, initiated by....Berthe Morisot, 這裡有兩個逗點隔開，表示這是插入法形式的關係代名詞，而且當作非限定用法去修飾tradition，因此假設我們先把插入法遮掉，所以只會看到tradition of representing rural labor直接選（Ｄ）

第三題：

直接看到最後一句找結論去，The numerous impressionist representations of activities (often those of women) that we might classify as work — a woman serving beer in a cafe, many paintings by Degas of the ballet (a physically demanding activity by any standard ) —were instead classified as representations of leisure by those who help the view.

中間的插入與不要看，直接看到we might classify as work were instead classified as representations of leisure我們覺得是工作的東西，被認定是休閒。因此在搭配結構圖去想，工作被低估，因為我們覺得是工作的東西，被認定是休閒，就（Ａ）

以上個人筆記希望有幫助到大家，有誤再請指教!!