While the influence of British magazines in shaping public opinion predates the nineteenth century, it was during the 1800s that mass distribution became possible and an explosion in periodical readership occurred, vastly increasing magazines’ opinion-shaping powers. The role of magazines as arbiters of nineteenth-century taste is seen in their depictions of the London theater. The magazines accorded some legitimacy to East End working-class theaters that mirrored the format of the fashionable West End theaters serving middle- and upper-class audiences. However, the magazines also depicted music halls—which competed for patronage with all theaters—as places where crass entertainment corrupted spectators’ taste and morals. Finally, they suggested that popular demand for substandard fare created a market unfriendly to higher expressions of dramatic art.
1.The author of the passage attributes the influence of British periodicals in shaping public opinion in the nineteenth century in part to
- a growing public interest in reading opinion pieces
- an increase in the relative number of readers from the middle and upper classes
- changes in the way in which magazines were distributed
- magazines’ increased coverage of theater and popular entertainment
- changes in magazine format that attracted a wider readership
2.The author of the passage mentions East End working-class theaters primarily in order to
- illustrate a point about the ability of magazines to sway public opinion
- contrast the kinds of entertainment presented in East End andWest End theaters
- make a point about how spectators’ tastes influenced the offerings at different kinds of theaters
- explain how magazines chose which kinds of entertainment to cover
- identify factors that helped make certain theaters fashionable
3.In the context in which it appears, “accorded” most nearly means
- reconciled
- revealed
- granted
- verified
- maintained
文章結構：
首先看到分邏輯的詞彙在哪，我們找到while，however，finally
＠：While the influence of British magazines in shaping public opinion predates the nineteenth century, it was during the 1800s that mass distribution became possible and an explosion in periodical readership occurred, vastly increasing magazines’ opinion-shaping powers. 這句話出來最重要的是it was during the 1800s....這邊就是讓步轉折的定義，重點著重在主幹部分，然後, vastly increasing magazines’ opinion-shaping powers. 這裡來個關係代名詞非限定用法當中是由which increase改成increasing而來，翻譯做：『而這件事』大大增加雜誌在洗腦方面的力量，所以他有點在表示結論的立場
＠：however這個楚河漢界又來了，所以表示接下來可能的內容是朝『非』洗腦方面的力量去發展的，所以我們讀到crass entertainment corrupted spectators’ taste and morals感覺好像有點怪的跟預判不太一樣，所以應該不是立場的轉變，而是舉例上的對立面，那這樣就是細節了，先跳過。
＠：finally這裡表示順向的，並作出總結，所以他還是站在however後面這裡的觀點。popular demand for substandard fare created a market unfriendly to higher expressions of dramatic art他這邊說大眾需求是不喜歡藝術的，所以看到最後的結果，我發現其實這個however出現之後我所做的預判是錯誤的，因為popular demand for substandard fare created a market unfriendly to這句話表示說『便宜沒有好貨』，當中對立點是大眾ＶＳ高檔藝術，這就好比『公園阿罵跳土風舞VS.百老匯劇場看歌劇魅影』，因此however在這裡應該不是在反駁雜誌在洗腦方面的力量。所已要再看however前面的單獨一句話The magazines accorded some legitimacy to East End working-class theaters that mirrored the format of the fashionable West End theaters serving middle- and upper-class audiences.這裡看到theaters，說明把一個東岸working-class=西岸middle- and upper-class audiences，這在講上下階級一致評比是legitimacy
＠：應此看到這裡可能已經暈頭轉向了，不過端倪總算是有感應到了，首先while導出一件事，就是雜誌很厲害可以洗腦，然後舉個例子講說劇場的擺設上，上下階級都一樣，經過轉折後講到另一個例子但是音樂廳就不是了
＠：包含閱讀在內這個分析最好在一分半鐘內搞定
第一題：
看到attribute...to...這裡不知道他想要考因果關係的話，那GRE課本可以收起來不要考了，所以題就在問attribute Ａ to Ｂ這個句式出現Ａ表示果，Ｂ表示因，那這樣it was during the 1800s that mass distribution became possible and an explosion in periodical readership occurred, vastly increasing magazines’ opinion-shaping powers.這裡就點出重點兩個選一個用回去對應答案。選（Ｃ），是因為題目有給一個in part,這個對應到possible
第二題：
East End working-class theaters這是在細節不過的東西，當這題出現絕不會是考本句內容，題目問說這個東西處來是為了要幹嗎，他當然要找支持他的論點與主旨了，所以白話一點就是問說這句話出現了，為什麼會出現，是不是剛剛有一件事情先發生，所以導致這事情被寫出來，沒錯！！我要講的就是答案跟題目間的關係就是上下緊密連結的邏輯關係結構，所以這個出現先判斷它有East End， working-class theaters， West End theaters， middle- and upper-class都是具體的東西表示在舉例，而一班文章結構都是先概念在舉例，所以就是要找的概念句（主旨句）要往前看，找到的句子The role of magazines as arbiter.......，這個arbiter=sway，如果還不放心，直接跳看主題具去做驗算，所以看第一句while句型的主幹部分『雜誌在洗腦』opinion shaping，選（Ａ）
這題運氣真好都在考同樣的一句話。
以上個人筆記希望有幫助到大家，有誤再請指教!!
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