But they pay little attention to the opposite and more treacherous failing: false certainty, refusing to confess their mistakes and implicitly claiming infallibility,thereby embarrassing the nation and undermining the Constitution, which established various mechanisms of self-correction on the premise that even the wisest men are sometimes wrong and need, precisely when they find it most discomfiting, the benefit of remedial process.
他們不注重這個對立立場且對不可靠的錯誤更不予理會,就是對的很假拉,而且他們否認他們的錯誤和偷偷摸摸地宣稱消息可靠無誤,藉此來使國家蒙羞且詆毀國家憲法,而這個國家和憲法是以各式各樣的自我糾正機制運作堅信即使是最聰明的人有時也犯錯,以及精確地說是被建立用來應對當他們(聰明的人)發現挫賽之後他們(聰明的人)還是有補救的餘地
treacherous:背叛的,不靠普的(adj.)
implicitly :暗中地(adv.)
infallibility:完全正確(n.)
self-correction:自我糾正,自省(n.)
premise:假設(v.),前提,地基(n.),本段為名詞用
discomfiting:挫敗,使..為難(v.)
來源:GRE考古題

句子分析:

But they pay little attention to the opposite and more treacherous failing: false certainty,1.我覺得這句話but放開頭應該是跟前面的句子做對比,不過前方沒有句子就忽略掉。我看過文法書大不分要嘛說連接詞不可放句首,要不然就是說句首開頭用連接詞是為了和上句話做強烈的連接或對比。2.: false certainty(:分號是指前面的treacherous failing是什麼,所以就把他當"="處理)好的這就是整個大句子的主幹了,其他都是附屬的,用了大量的關係代名詞,或是名詞子句搭建,接下來還原所有的句子應該就明朗了
false certainty,and they refuse to confess their mistakes and implicitly claim infallibility,and thereby this attitude(they refuse to confess their mistakes and implicitly claim infallibility) embarrass the nation and undermine the Constitution, and the Constitution and the nation has been established various mechanisms of self-correction on the premise that even the wisest men are sometimes wrong and precisely when they find it most discomfiting,they need the benefit of remedial process.
其中含有1.分詞構句:
, refusing to confess their mistakes and implicitly claiming infallibility(省略主詞they,省略連接詞改才分詞Ving形式,另外分詞構句可以由很多種可能是when, after, as, if...等等連接詞所帶出副詞子句或從屬子句省略而來,但是這裡只要還原而已,所以用and去看最快)
2.關系代名詞非限定用法:
,thereby embarrassing the nation and undermining the Constitution(修飾前面的整個事件,所以會翻譯成前面的事情使國家蒙羞..,這裡因為有『逗點』,所以先行詞絕不是前方距離最近的名詞)
, which established various mechanisms of self-correction on the premise
3.名詞子句:
on the premise that even the wisest men are sometimes wrong and need, precisely when they find it most discomfiting, the benefit of remedial process.(that + 完整子句就是名詞子句了,去補充說明前方的名詞,而前方的名詞大部分都有個特點,那就是它是一個概念,是一個包裝,封裝,然後that後面再去講這個名詞所含的內容及定義,所以在翻譯上也是把premise"="that子句)
4.埋葬句:
and (they) need, precisely when they find it most discomfiting, the benefit of remedial process.(只能發現when副詞子句是多麼不重要,所以基本上可以跳過去)
邏輯線:不鳥錯誤→還自以為→憲法爛掉 

原題:

But they pay little attention to the opposite and more treacherous failing: false certainty, refusing to confess their mistakes and implicitly claiming(i) _____,thereby embarrassing the nation and undermining the Constitution, which established various mechanisms of self-correction on the premise that even the wisest men are sometimes wrong and need, precisely when they find it most (ii)_____, the benefit of (iii)_____ process.
Blank(i) Blank(ii) Blank(iii)

(A) infallibility

(D) discomfiting (G) an adaptable
(B) immunity (E) expedient

(H) remedial

(C) impartiality (F) imminent 

(I) injudicious

解題方式:
這個用句間關係就可以得出結論,Blank(i)前面有and,所以and前後的邏輯應該要同向refusing(-)to confess their mistakes(-)負負得正,所以claiming 後方應該是 infallibility(A)
再來Blank(ii),Blank(iii)都在premise所帶出的名詞子句中,而且是一個when的從屬句+主要子句的內容,先從主要句下手,on the premise,在一個前提之下,表示什麼前提我們要看前方,既然說是一個前提,也就是表條件,所以邏輯上沒有轉折,也是取同向,因此mechanisms of self-correction對應remedial(H),remedial是補救的意思,所以囉when表示條件的副詞子句,當然邏輯就是有犯錯才會需要補教,因此Blank(iii)選discomfiting
 

這個句子越解到後面越覺得腦子快抽筋了,內容有誤再請指教,祝大家有個美好的一天!!!!


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